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The Ultimate Guide and Review

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Medically reviewed by Jessica Pyhtila, PharmD, BCGP, BCPS.

Nutritionally reviewed by Diana Lee, RD.

Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid found naturally in the cacao plant, from which chocolate is made. Theobromine may be a healthier version of caffeine and may actually provide health benefits related to cognition and the cardiovascular system. Here we’ll examine theobromine’s sources, benefits, effects, mechanisms, and more.

Disclosure:  Some of the links on this page are referral links. At no additional cost to you, if you choose to make a purchase after clicking through those links, I will receive a small commission. This allows me to continue producing high-quality, ad-free content on this site and pays for the occasional cup of coffee. I have first-hand experience with every product or service I recommend, and I recommend them because I genuinely believe they are useful, not because of the commission I get if you decide to purchase through my links. Read more here.

In a hurry? Here are the highlights:

  • Theobromine is a methylxanthine similar to caffeine that is found in the cacao plant, from which chocolate is made.
  • It gives chocolate its bitter taste; naturally, darker chocolate contains much more theobromine than milk chocolate.
  • Theobromine has evidence of promoting wakefulness, lowering blood pressure, and improving blood flow, mood, and respiratory health.
  • Theobromine should offer milder, longer-acting effects than caffeine, and with fewer adverse side effects.
  • Theobromine is highly toxic to animals.

Product Mentions:

Raw cacao powder on Amazon
Theobromine capsules on Amazon

What is Theobromine?

Theobromine is a compound existing in the highest quantities in the cacao plant (theobroma cacao), from which chocolate is made. Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid similar in structure and effect to caffeine. Like Dynamine®, theobromine is a purine alkoloid. Theobromine can be found in smaller amounts in the kola nut, guarana, yerba mate, and certain tea leaves​1​.

Theobromine itself is a white or off-white crystalline powder, and is responsible for giving dark chocolate its bitter taste. Darker chocolate with higher cacao content is more bitter because of its higher theobromine content​1​.

Theobromine Benefits

Theobromine may:

  • Promote wakefulness, motivation, and alertness​2–4​.
  • Lower blood pressure​5–7​.
  • Improve blood flow​5–7​.
  • Increase HDL (“good”) cholesterol​8​.
  • Enhance cognition​2,9​.
  • Improve respiratory health​5,10​.
  • Strengthen tooth enamel​11–15​.
  • Improve mood​2–4,9​.
  • Reduce inflammation​2,3,9​.
  • Protect against kidney stones​16​.

Theobromine’s Mechanism of Action – How Does It Work?

Theobromine shares the same mechanism as caffeine – inhibiting adenosine receptors, thereby promoting wakefulness and alertness​2​.

Theobromine Structure

Theobromine is a dimethylxanthine with two methyl groups at positions 3 and 7, and is thus also known as 3,7-dimethylxanthine​17​.

theobromine structure

Theobromine Half-Life

Theobromine has a half-life in humans of about 7 hours, with peak concentration at about 2 hours following ingestion​18–20​.

Theobromine’s half-life in dogs is about 18 hours​21​.

Theobromine Dosage

One clinical study noted positive objective and subjective effects for participants from dosages up to 250mg, with negative subjective effects on mood from higher doses​2​. These results are illustrated below.

theobromine dosage subjective effects
Mean and SEM maximum ratings on Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) after placebo (PL) caffeine (Caff) and 250, 500, and 1000 mg theobromine (TH). Asterisks indicate means that differ significantly from placebo (p<.05). doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3021-0

However, anecdotal evidence exists for people enjoying the effects of a 400mg theobromine supplement per se.

Theobromine Side Effects

Side effects from theobromine are rare and dose-dependent and, similar to caffeine, include headaches and nausea​2​.

Theobromine in Chocolate

Theobromine is found in the highest concentrations in the cacao bean, from which chocolate is made. Higher cacao percentage chocolate (progressively darker) has higher theobromine levels, with raw cacao powder being the highest at 20mg/g. Milk chocolate contains 2mg theobromine per 1g of chocolate. Dark chocolate contains on average 9mg/g​20,22​. White chocolate contains only trace amounts of theobromine because it contains no cocoa solids​23​.

Theobromine in Coffee

Theobromine is found in very small concentrations (0.2%) in green coffee beans, tea, and yerba mate, but is not found in “normal” black coffee​22,23​.

Theobromine in Foods

Theobromine is found in the following foods, from greatest to least concentration:

  • raw cacao beans, nibs, and powder
  • processed cocoa and dark chocolate products
  • milk chocolate
  • black tea
  • chocolate pudding, cereal, cake mix, candy, ice cream, syrup, etc.

Theobromine Poisoning

In humans, the lowest published toxic dose (TDLo, the lowest recorded dose where toxicity symptoms appeared) is 16mg/kg bodyweight. This is a little over 1g for a 150 lb. human. The median lethal dose (LD50) is 1000mg/kg bodyweight​17​.

First signs of theobromine poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, progressing to cardiac arrhythmias, epileptic seizures, internal bleeding, heart attacks, and eventually death​17​.

Theobromine in Dogs

Theobromine poisoning in dogs happens frequently and quickly. This is why you commonly hear that “dogs can’t eat chocolate.” Absorption and metabolism of theobromine is much slower in dogs than in humans, with a half-life of about 18 hours in dogs​21​.

Signs of theobromine poisoning in dogs include vomiting, haematemesis, polydipsia, hyperexcitability, hyperirritability, tachycardia, excessive panting, ataxia, and muscle twitching, progressing to cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and death. These symptoms can potentially begin within a few hours of ingestion and can persist for up to 72 hours. There is no specific antidote, but treatment protocol usually consists of induced vomiting and administration of activated charcoal, oxygen, benzodiazepines for seizures, antiarrhythmics for heart arrhythmia, and intravenous fluids​21,24​.

Domestic animals can easily eat enough chocolate to be fatal. The lowest recorded toxic dose of theobromine in dogs is 16mg/kg bodyweight, with a median lethal dose of 300mg/kg bodyweight. For a 50 lb. dog, that’s about 360mg and 6800mg respectively.

Theobromine concentrations are higher in certain types of chocolate. Higher cacao percentage chocolate (progressively darker) has higher theobromine levels, with raw cacao powder being the highest at 20mg/g. Milk chocolate contains 2mg theobromine per 1g of chocolate. Dark chocolate contains on average 9mg/g​21,25​. As such, dark chocolate is far more toxic to animals than milk chocolate. White chocolate contains only trace amounts of theobromine​26​.

Doing some math, this means that for a 50 lb. dog, just 50g of dark chocolate can be potentially fatal. Smaller dogs would obviously be susceptible to smaller amounts. Cats are even more susceptible, but are less likely to eat chocolate because cats are unable to taste sweetness​27​.

To be safe, keep any and all chocolate-containing foods away from your pets, including cocoa powder, cocoa cereals, chocolate ice cream, chocolate milk, chococlate chips, chocolate candy, etc.

Theobromine vs. Caffeine

Theobromine and caffeine are both known as methylxanthines. Theobromine is actually a byproduct of caffeine metabolism. They both exert their CNS-enhancing effects by inhibiting adenosine receptors, however theobromine does so more weakly than caffeine. As such, theobromine should exhibit less tolerance buildup and fewer adverse side effects than caffeine. Theobromine is less likely to cross the blood-brain barrier and thus has less effect on the CNS.

Theobromine also has less effect on the cardiovascular system than caffeine, and theobromine’s cardiovascular effects are generally positive, whereas caffeine’s are generally negative. These properties make it similar to Dynamine® and TeaCrine®. Theobromine’s CNS effects are milder and longer-acting than caffeine​1,2,4​.

Theobromine and Blood Pressure

Theobromine is also vasodilatory and can lower blood pressure, as opposed to caffeine typically being vasoconstrictive and raising blood pressure​5–7,28​. Studies have noted that raw cacao powder (high theobromine content) reliably exerts these effects to a greater extent in cases of high blood pressure than in people with normal blood pressure​6,29,30​.

Theobromine for Cough, Asthma, COPD, and More

Theobromine and theophylline have shown promising antitussive effects for a range of respiratory diseases including acute and persistent coughing, asthma COPD, bronchitis, and more, due to their bronchodilation, airway expansion, arterial pressure decreasing, anti-inflammatory, and mucus clearing effects. Treatment with methylxanthines is a viable alternative to traditional codeine cough syrups that have undesirable side effects and taste​31–38​.

Researchers have also noted that theobromine and other methylxanthines seem to actually regulate and disrupt the neurological channels involved in coughing​31–36​. Anecdotal reports seem to corroborate this, with people claiming that consuming raw cacao powder (high theobromine content) decreases their coughing.

Theobromine and Weight Loss

Diet pills are increasingly including theobromine in their formulations, likely because of extrapolation from a single study showing potential weight loss and lipid metabolism improvement in rats. Not enough evidence exists to suggest that theobromine may be useful for weight loss​39,40​.

Theobromine vs. Theophylline

Theophylline is another member of the methylxanthine family. It appears to offer similar ameliorative effects to theobromine for blood pressure and respiratory health​31–33​. Theophylline is actually an FDA-approved medication for asthma and other respiratory disorders​41​.

Theophylline’s half-life of 8 hours in human adults is slightly longer than that of theobromine​32,33​. It can potentially be much longer in some people with thyroid dysfunction or liver problems​41​.

Theobromine and Rutaecarpine

Like caffeine, theobromine is metabolized primarily in the liver by the enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP2E1​42​. As such, rutaecarpine should limit theobromine’s exposure and expedite its excretion just as it does with caffeine.

Theobromine Review

My experience with theobromine has basically mirrored what I’ve described above – a milder, longer-acting caffeine, not unlike theacrine, that boosts mood, motivation, alertness, and energy. I’ve also utilized raw cacao powder in my morning coffee for years now along with mushroom powder.

Theobromine Supplements

A few options for theobromine supplements exist. First, you can obviously just use raw cacao powder, in which we know theobromine is found in the highest concentrations. Raw cacao is also rich in minerals, antioxidants, and polyphenols. Add it to your morning coffee. A potential problem with this approach is we don’t know the specific theobromine content of cacao powder products.

Another option is to supplement Theobromine directly with 400mg capsules from Nutricost on Amazon.

References

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    Smit HJ. Theobromine and the Pharmacology of Cocoa. In: Methylxanthines. Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2010:201-234. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13443-2_7
  2. 2.

    Baggott M, Childs E, Hart A, et al. Psychopharmacology of theobromine in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013;228(1):109-118. doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3021-0
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    Martínez-Pinilla E, Oñatibia-Astibia A, Franco R. The relevance of theobromine for the beneficial effects of cocoa consumption. Front Pharmacol. 2015;6:30. doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00030
  4. 4.

    Smit H, Gaffan E, Rogers P. Methylxanthines are the psycho-pharmacologically active constituents of chocolate. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004;176(3-4):412-419. doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1898-3
  5. 5.

    Kerimi A, Williamson G. The cardiovascular benefits of dark chocolate. Vascul Pharmacol. 2015;71:11-15. doi:10.1016/j.vph.2015.05.011
  6. 7.

    Ludovici V, Barthelmes J, Nägele M, et al. Cocoa, Blood Pressure, and Vascular Function. Front Nutr. 2017;4:36. doi:10.3389/fnut.2017.00036
  7. 8.

    Neufingerl N, Zebregs Y, Schuring E, Trautwein E. Effect of cocoa and theobromine consumption on serum HDL-cholesterol concentrations: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;97(6):1201-1209. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.047373
  8. 9.

    Franco R, Oñatibia-Astibia A, Martínez-Pinilla E. Health benefits of methylxanthines in cacao and chocolate. Nutrients. 2013;5(10):4159-4173. doi:10.3390/nu5104159
  9. 10.

    Simons F, Becker A, Simons K, Gillespie C. The bronchodilator effect and pharmacokinetics of theobromine in young patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985;76(5):703-707. doi:10.1016/0091-6749(85)90674-8
  10. 11.

    Kargul B, Özcan M, Peker S, Nakamoto T, Simmons W, Falster A. Evaluation of human enamel surfaces treated with theobromine: a pilot study. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2012;10(3):275-282. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23094271
  11. 12.

    Arifa M, Ephraim R, Rajamani T. Recent Advances in Dental Hard Tissue Remineralization: A Review of Literature. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2019;12(2):139-144. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1603
  12. 13.

    Amaechi B, Porteous N, Ramalingam K, et al. Remineralization of artificial enamel lesions by theobromine. Caries Res. 2013;47(5):399-405. doi:10.1159/000348589
  13. 14.

    Lippert F. The effects of fluoride, strontium, theobromine and their combinations on caries lesion rehardening and fluoridation. Arch Oral Biol. 2017;80:217-221. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.022
  14. 15.

    Syafira G, Permatasari R, Wardani N. Theobromine Effects on Enamel Surface Microhardness: In Vitro. J Dent Indones. Published online August 30, 2013. doi:10.14693/jdi.v19i2.138
  15. 16.

    Costa-Bauza A, Grases F, Calvó P, Rodriguez A, Prieto R. Effect of Consumption of Cocoa-Derived Products on Uric Acid Crystallization in Urine of Healthy Volunteers. Nutrients. 2018;10(10). doi:10.3390/nu10101516
  16. 18.

    Mumford G, Benowitz N, Evans S, et al. Absorption rate of methylxanthines following capsules, cola and chocolate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;51(3-4):319-325. doi:10.1007/s002280050205
  17. 19.

    Lelo A, Birkett D, Robson R, Miners J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of caffeine and its primary demethylated metabolites paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;22(2):177-182. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05246.x
  18. 20.

    Drouillard D, Vesell E, Dvorchik B. Studies on theobromine disposition in normal subjects. Alterations induced by dietary abstention from or exposure to methylxanthines. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1978;23(3):296-302. doi:10.1002/cpt1978233296
  19. 23.

    Renner H. Sister chromatid exchanges induced by methylxanthines contained in coffee, tea and cocoa. Experientia. 1982;38(5):600. doi:10.1007/bf02327071
  20. 24.

    Gans JH, Korson R, Cater MR, Ackerly CC. Effects of short-term and long-term theobromine administration to male dogs. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Published online May 1980:481-496. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(80)90360-9
  21. 25.

    Meng C, Jalil A, Ismail A. Phenolic and theobromine contents of commercial dark, milk and white chocolates on the Malaysian market. Molecules. 2009;14(1):200-209. doi:10.3390/molecules14010200
  22. 26.

    ZOUMAS BL, KREISER WR, MARTIN ROBERTA. THEOBROMINE AND CAFFEINE CONTENT OF CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS. J Food Science. Published online March 1980:314-316. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb02603.x
  23. 27.

    Li X, Li W, Wang H, et al. Pseudogenization of a Sweet-Receptor Gene Accounts for Cats’ Indifference toward Sugar. PLoS Genet. Published online 2005:e3. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0010003
  24. 28.

    Mitchell E, Slettenaar M, vd M, et al. Differential contributions of theobromine and caffeine on mood, psychomotor performance and blood pressure. Physiol Behav. 2011;104(5):816-822. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.07.027
  25. 29.

    Jumar A, Schmieder R. Cocoa Flavanol Cardiovascular Effects Beyond Blood Pressure Reduction. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2016;18(4):352-358. doi:10.1111/jch.12715
  26. 30.

    Ferri C, Desideri G, Ferri L, et al. Cocoa, blood pressure, and cardiovascular health. J Agric Food Chem. 2015;63(45):9901-9909. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01064
  27. 31.

    Vaz F, Miller M. Review of the clinical efficacy of theophylline in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993;147(6 Pt 2):S40-7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm/147.6_Pt_2.S40
  28. 32.

    Hendeles L, Massanari M, Weinberger M. Update on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of theophylline. Chest. 1985;88(2 Suppl):103S-111S. doi:10.1378/chest.88.2_supplement.103s
  29. 34.

    Akram M, Nasiruddin M, Ahmad Z, Ali K. Doxofylline and theophylline: a comparative clinical study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2012;6(10):1681-1684. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2012/4697.2643
  30. 35.

    Oñatibia-Astibia A, Martínez-Pinilla E, Franco R. The potential of methylxanthine-based therapies in pediatric respiratory tract diseases. Respiratory Medicine. Published online March 2016:1-9. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2016.01.022
  31. 36.

    Oñatibia-Astibia A, Martínez-Pinilla E, Franco R. The potential of methylxanthine-based therapies in pediatric respiratory tract diseases. Respir Med. 2016;112:1-9. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2016.01.022
  32. 37.

    Morice A, McGarvey L, Pavord I, Higgins B, Chung K, Birring S. Theobromine for the treatment of persistent cough: a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Thorac Dis. 2017;9(7):1864-1872. doi:10.21037/jtd.2017.06.18
  33. 38.

    Awortwe C, Asiedu-Gyekye I, Nkansah E, Adjei S. Unsweetened natural cocoa has anti-asthmatic potential. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2014;27(2):203-212. doi:10.1177/039463201402700207
  34. 39.

    Eteng M, Ibekwe H, Umoh U, Ebong P, Umoh I, Eyong E. Theobromine rich cocoa powder induces weight loss and changes in lipid profile of obese wistar rats. Disc Innov. Published online July 6, 2007. doi:10.4314/dai.v18i3.15745
  35. 40.

    Khazan M, Hedayati M, Kobarfard F, Askari S, Azizi F. Identification and determination of synthetic pharmaceuticals as adulterants in eight common herbal weight loss supplements. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16(3):e15344. doi:10.5812/ircmj.15344
  36. 42.

    Gates S, Miners JO. Cytochrome P450 isoform selectivity in human hepatic theobromine metabolism. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Published online March 1999:299-305. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00890.x

Medical Disclaimer:  While I love diving into and extracting useful information from clinical research related to health, fitness, supplements, and more, I am in no way a medical expert. The content on this website is for informational purposes only; it is not professional medical advice, nor is it a substitute for professional medical advice. None of the statements on this website have been evaluated by the FDA. Products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Read my lengthier medical disclaimer here.

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DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine Nootropic Energy Supplement Review

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dynamax

DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine is a nootropic supplement from Natrium Health, the sister company of Nootropics Depot. It uses the popular caffeine+theanine stack, a novel purine alkaloid called Dynamine, and delayed and extended release caffeine to produce a smooth, all-day energy and focus. Here we’ll examine its ingredients, properties, effects, and applications.

Disclosure:  Some of the links on this page are referral links. At no additional cost to you, if you choose to make a purchase after clicking through those links, I will receive a small commission. This allows me to continue producing high-quality, ad-free content on this site and pays for the occasional cup of coffee. I have first-hand experience with every product or service I recommend, and I recommend them because I genuinely believe they are useful, not because of the commission I get if you decide to purchase through my links. Read more here.

In a hurry? Here are the highlights:

  • DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine is a nootropic supplement from Natrium Health, the sister company of Nootropics Depot.
  • DynaMAX utilizes Dynamine®, theanine, and instant-release, delayed-release, and extended-release caffeine
  • DynaMAX produces a smooth, all-day energy and focus that lasts up to 8 hours, with no crash.
  • DynaMAX is made in the USA and is natural, gluten-free, and non-GMO.

Find DynaMAX at Nootropics Depot here.

What is DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine?

DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine is a unique, specialized caffeine supplement from Natrium Health, the sister company of Nootropics Depot. It is designed to provide all-day energy, motivation, and focus without the crash usually associated with caffeine. Here’s the nutrition label:

dynamax nutrition label

DynaMAX Timeline of Effects

dynamax timeline of effects

About DynaMAX’s Ingredients

Let’s dive into each of DynaMAX’s ingredients.

Dynamine® (Methylliberine)

I’ve delved into Dynamine® already in a separate post. It is a patented version of an isolated purine alkaloid called methylliberine found naturally in the kucha tea leaf. Dynamine® is essentially a shorter-acting TeaCrine®. It does not have the cardiovascular, tolerance, and withdrawal effects usually seen with caffeine. A significant factor at play is the fact that Dynamine® is synergistic with caffeine, increasing its exposure and half-life approximately two-fold.

ZümXR® Delayed Release Caffeine

DynaMAX employs a delayed-release caffeine from ZümXR®. This caffeine has an onset around the 70 minute mark.

delayed release caffeine graph

ZümXR® Extended Release Caffeine

DynaMAX also contains an extended-release caffeine from ZümXR®. This patented caffeine has a sustained release profile of about 5 hours.

extended release caffeine graph

“Normal” Anhydrous Caffeine

This is the “normal,” instant-release caffeine we’re familiar with. Nothing interesting here.

Theanine

L-theanine is a calming amino acid that augments both dopamine and serotonin levels, among other things. It has recently become popular as a perfect pairing with caffeine to “smooth” and balance it out and to help eliminate the jitters that usually accompany high doses of caffeine.

DynaMAX Dosage and Timing

The suggested dosage for DynaMAX is 1 capsule 1-2 times daily. Because of the nature of its effects, I’d only take it early in the morning, unless you plan to use rutaecarpine later in the day to flush caffeine from your system.

Do not combine DynaMAX with other caffeine sources.

Do not take more than 2 capsules per day.

DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine Reviews

Here are some reviews of DynaMAX from Natrium’s website and Amazon:

dynamax reviews on natrium health
dynamax reviews on amazon

Where to Buy DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine

You can find DynaMAX Enhanced Caffeine capsules on the Nootropics Depot website here.

Medical Disclaimer:  While I love diving into and extracting useful information from clinical research related to health, fitness, supplements, and more, I am in no way a medical expert. The content on this website is for informational purposes only; it is not professional medical advice, nor is it a substitute for professional medical advice. None of the statements on this website have been evaluated by the FDA. Products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Read my lengthier medical disclaimer here.

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How to Repair Dopamine Receptors Naturally

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How to Repair Dopamine Receptors Naturally – 10 Ways to Upregulate


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LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil Supplement Review

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lucidispore red reishi spore oil

LucidiSPORE™ is a supercritical CO2 extracted Red Reishi spore oil supplement from Natrium Health, the sister company of Nootropics Depot. Here we’ll examine its properties and benefits.

Disclosure:  Some of the links on this page are referral links. At no additional cost to you, if you choose to make a purchase after clicking through those links, I will receive a small commission. This allows me to continue producing high-quality, ad-free content on this site and pays for the occasional cup of coffee. I have first-hand experience with every product or service I recommend, and I recommend them because I genuinely believe they are useful, not because of the commission I get if you decide to purchase through my links. Read more here.

In a hurry? Here are the highlights:

  • LucidiSPORE™ is a supercritical CO2 extracted Red Reishi spore oil supplement from Natrium Health, the sister company of Nootropics Depot.
  • LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi spore oil has been analytically tested and verified to contain 30% triterpenoids.
  • LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi spore oil should possess the same properties that have been clinically proven of Reishi mushrooms: free radical reduction, immunomodulatory, and GABAergic​1–11​.

Find LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi spore oil softgels at Nootropics Depot here.

What are Mushroom Spores?

Mushroom spores are essentially seeds produced by whole fruiting body mushrooms that will grow into new mushrooms. The interest in harvesting mushroom spores for the purpose of supplementation is the spores’ high concentration of polysaccharides and triterpenoids, the bioactive compounds in mushrooms responsible for their myriad health benefits.

What is Reishi Spore Oil?

The problem with mushroom spores is that they are well shielded, so simply consuming raw spores wouldn’t really do much, since the body can’t access the compounds inside. To get around that, the oil inside the spores is extracted.
This oil contains high concentrations of the aforementioned bioactive compounds.

Sometimes harsh chemicals are used for that extraction process. Natrium Health has instead chosen to go with a solventless extracting process called supercritical CO2. This process extracts the spore oil in a clean, efficient, healthy way.

The Reishi spore oil in LucidiSPORE™ has been analytically tested and verified to contain 30% triterpenoids, which is huge compared to most mushroom supplements.

LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil Benefits

Red Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) is referred to as “the mushroom of immortality.” It has mounds of scientific evidence for its ability to reduce free radicals and its immunomodulatory and GABAergic effects​1–11​. As such, supplementation of Red Reishi spore oil may:

  • Improve immune function
  • Improve sleep
  • Reduce oxidative free radicals

LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil Reviews

Here are some reviews of LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi spore oil from Natrium’s website:

lucidispore red reishi spore oil reviews

Where to Buy LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil

You can find LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil softgels on Nootropics Depot’s website here.

You can get LucidiSPORE™ Red Reishi Spore Oil in solution form on Nootropics Depot’s website here.

References

  1. 1.

    Suarez-Arroyo IJ, Rosario-Acevedo R, Aguilar-Perez A, et al. Anti-Tumor Effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) in Inflammatory Breast Cancer in In Vivo and In Vitro Models. Gallyas F, ed. PLoS ONE. February 2013:e57431. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057431
  2. 2.

    Barbieri A, Quagliariello V, Del Vecchio V, et al. Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ganoderma lucidum Extract Effects on Melanoma and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Nutrients. February 2017:210. doi:10.3390/nu9030210
  3. 3.

    Geng P, Siu K-C, Wang Z, Wu J-Y. Antifatigue Functions and Mechanisms of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms. BioMed Research International. 2017:1-16. doi:10.1155/2017/9648496
  4. 4.

    Chen C, Li P, Li Y, Yao G, Xu J. Antitumor effects and mechanisms of Ganoderma extracts and spores oil. Oncol Lett. 2016;12(5):3571-3578. doi:10.3892/ol.2016.5059
  5. 5.

    Cui X-Y, Cui S-Y, Zhang J, et al. Extract of Ganoderma lucidum prolongs sleep time in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. February 2012:796-800. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.020
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Medical Disclaimer:  While I love diving into and extracting useful information from clinical research related to health, fitness, supplements, and more, I am in no way a medical expert. The content on this website is for informational purposes only; it is not professional medical advice, nor is it a substitute for professional medical advice. None of the statements on this website have been evaluated by the FDA. Products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Read my lengthier medical disclaimer here.

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